how many types of sugar are there, what are their names?

Question: how many types of sugar are there, what are their names?
- Keywords:
  sugar
Asked by 5uperdyl to Duncan on 17 Mar 2013. This question was also asked by clobucko29.
- Duncan Gaskin answered on 17 Mar 2013:
  
  Basically there are two types of sugars, monosaccharides and polysaccharides!
  
  Monosaccharides (or simple sugars) consist of a single sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, while polysaccharides consist of 2 or more sugar molecules joined together in long chains or more complex branched chains.

Question: how many types of sugar are there, what are their names?